Chickenpox

Chickenpox is caused by the same virus that causes shingles. It can spread through coughing, sneezing, breathing in close proximity, and direct contact with an infected person, especially through contact with the fluid-filled blisters, or by sharing personal items with someone who has chickenpox, such as bed sheets, blankets, or mattresses. Outbreaks are most common from late winter to early summer, although cases can occur throughout the year. It is most frequently found in children aged 5-12 years, followed by children aged 1-4 years, adolescents, and young adults. In addition, pregnant women who develop chickenpox may transmit the infection to their unborn baby or newborn, which can lead to a relatively severe infection in the infant.

 

Symptoms

Patients usually begin to show symptoms of chickenpox about 14–16 days after the virus enters the body. Common symptoms include headache, fever, body aches, loss of appetite, and the appearance of blisters. The rash usually starts on the face, chest, and back, then spreads to the arms and legs.

The disease is most contagious from about 2 days before the rash appears until 4-5 days after the rash has spread over the body. The contagious period ends when all the blisters have dried and formed scabs. In other words, the period during which chickenpox can spread is relatively long.

 

Prevention

     Currently, antiviral medication is available to help inhibit the chickenpox virus. It should be started on the first day symptoms appear; otherwise, it may be less effective or may not work well. For children, chickenpox vaccination is recommended starting at 1 year of age and older. The vaccine requires 2 doses, given at least 1 month apart. Studies from Japan and several other countries have found that the immunity provided by the vaccine can last for more than 20 years. In addition, it has been found that children who receive the chickenpox vaccine are less likely to develop shingles later in life, and if they do, the illness tends to be less severe than in children who had chickenpox through natural infection.

 

 

source : 

Muangloei Ram Hospital

**Translated and compiled by ArokaGO Content Team