What causes a chronic cough after a cold?

During the rainy season, when the weather changes frequently, cases of the common cold and upper respiratory tract infections inevitably increase. A common problem many patients face after recovering from a cold is a persistent cough that just won't go away. Some patients cough so much that it disrupts their daily life. What causes this post-cold cough, and how can we take care of ourselves when experiencing

such symptoms?

Chronic Cough or Post-Cold Cough

What is a post-cold cough?

A post-infectious cough is a cough that follows an upper respiratory tract infection caused by viruses or bacteria such as influenza virus, rhinovirus, or RSV. Most patients have had an infection within the past 2 weeks. After the infection improves and fever, body aches, and sore throat subside, the cough can persist for several weeks. Chest X-rays are normal with no detectable lesions.

What causes cough after a cold?

It is believed to result from persistent inflammation of the airway lining, which increases bronchial hyperresponsiveness (sensitivity to triggers), together with postnasal drip. This leads to throat itchiness and irritation with an urge to cough frequently.

How is a post-cold cough treated?

Patients should avoid cough triggers such as spicy foods and cold drinks, avoid excessive voice use, and keep warm. Most cases improve and resolve within 2 months. Doctors may provide additional treatment for severe symptoms, as follows:
• Anti-inflammatory therapy for the airway lining, such as inhaled corticosteroids or a short course of oral steroids.
• Cough suppressants when coughing significantly disrupts daily life.
• Antihistamines and nasal saline irrigation to reduce postnasal drip.
• Treat coexisting conditions that cause cough, such as acid reflux or acute bacterial sinusitis.