Ear Barotrauma in Diving
What Is Ear Barotrauma?
Middle Ear Barotrauma is a condition caused by pressure imbalance between the external environment and the middle ear during activities such as scuba diving or freediving.
When divers fail to equalize pressure properly, it can lead to discomfort or injury in the ear.
Common Symptoms of Ear Barotrauma
Divers may experience the following symptoms:
๐ Ear pain
๐ Ear blockage or inability to equalize pressure
๐ Hemotympanum (bleeding in the middle ear)
๐ Eardrum Perforation (ruptured eardrum)
๐ Vertigo (dizziness or spinning sensation)
๐ Related symptoms such as:
๐ Headache
Why Does It Happen? (Causes & Risk Factors)
Difficulty in equalizing ear pressure during diving may be caused by:
๐ Common cold or upper respiratory infections
๐ Improper or inconsistent equalization techniques
๐ Rapid descent (going down too quickly)
๐ Reverse blockage during ascent (inability to equalize when coming up)
How to Prevent Ear Barotrauma While Diving
1. Equalize Early and Often
Do not wait until you feel pain-start equalizing before discomfort occurs.
2. Descend Slowly
Avoid rapid descent to give your ears time to adjust.
3. Avoid Diving When Sick
Do not dive if you have:
๐ Cold
๐ Nasal congestion
๐ Allergies
4. Learn Proper Techniques
Techniques such as Valsalva or Frenzel maneuver can help equalize pressure effectively.
When Should You See a Doctor?
Consult an ENT specialist if you experience:
๐ Frequent difficulty equalizing
๐ Persistent ear pain after diving
๐ Hearing changes
๐ Recurrent diving-related ear problems
Conclusion
Ear barotrauma is a preventable condition that can affect both beginner and experienced divers. By understanding the causes, practicing proper equalization techniques, and seeking medical advice when needed, divers can enjoy a safer and more comfortable underwater experience.
FAQ
Can I dive if I have a cold?
No, diving with nasal congestion increases the risk of barotrauma.
What is the safest way to equalize pressure?
Equalize early, gently, and frequently during descent.
Is ear barotrauma serious?
It can range from mild discomfort to serious injury if not managed properly.
source : Thonburi Bamrungmuang Hospital
**Translated and compiled by ArokaGO Content Team
Independent Writer
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