Viral Hepatitis

Viral Hepatitis

 

Viral hepatitis is a disease caused by viral infection that leads to inflammation of the liver. If left untreated, it may progress to liver cirrhosis and increase the risk of liver cancer in the long term.

 

Types of Viral Hepatitis

 

Hepatitis A

 

Transmitted through contaminated food or water. It is usually an acute infection and often resolves on its own without becoming chronic. A vaccine is available for prevention.

 

Hepatitis B

 

Spread through blood and bodily fluids, such as sharing needles, unprotected sexual contact, or transmission from mother to child. Many patients may have no symptoms initially, but chronic infection can lead to cirrhosis and liver cancer. A vaccine is available.

 

Hepatitis C

 

Transmitted similarly to hepatitis B through blood and bodily fluids. Most patients show no early symptoms and often develop chronic infection, which is a major cause of cirrhosis and liver cancer. There is no vaccine, but highly effective treatments are available.

 

Other types

 

๐ Hepatitis D: Occurs only in individuals already infected with hepatitis B

๐ Hepatitis E: Transmitted through contaminated food and water, similar to hepatitis A

 

Symptoms of Viral Hepatitis

 

๐ Fatigue and weakness

๐ Nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite

๐ Muscle and joint pain

๐ Discomfort or pain in the upper right abdomen

๐ Dark-colored urine

๐ Yellowing of the skin and eyes (jaundice)

 

Treatment

 

Acute hepatitis

 

Treatment focuses on rest and supportive care.

 

Chronic hepatitis

 

May require antiviral medications (oral or injectable) to control the infection and prevent complications such as cirrhosis or liver cancer.

 

Prevention

 

Vaccination

Vaccines are available for hepatitis A and B and are highly effective.

 

Good hygiene

Wash hands thoroughly before eating and after using the restroom. Avoid contaminated food and water.

 

Avoid risky behaviors

Do not share needles or personal items, practice safe sex, and avoid excessive alcohol consumption.

 

 

 

 

source : Ladprao General Hospital

**Translated and compiled by ArokaGO Content Team