Doctors Warn “Be Aware of the Silent Danger of Head and Neck Cancer” on World Head and Neck Cancer Day

Rajavithi Hospital and the Department of Medical Services under the Ministry of Public Health, Thailand, have issued a public health warning on World Head and Neck Cancer Day, emphasizing the silent danger of head and neck cancer. Cancer remains a major health issue globally, often presenting no symptoms in its early stages but becoming symptomatic once it has spread. The number of cancer patients continues to rise worldwide, making it one of the leading causes of death. 

 

What is Head and Neck Cancer? 

Head and neck cancers encompass several types, including cancers of the mouth, throat, nasal area, skin of the head and neck, salivary glands, and thyroid. Common symptoms are a lump in the neck, a sore in the mouth that doesn't heal, coughing up blood, a hoarse voice, loose teeth, painful swallowing, a blocked nose, nosebleeds, ear pain, and weight loss. While the exact cause is unknown, risk factors include smoking, heavy alcohol consumption, HPV infection, exposure to chemicals in the air, and sun exposure. Preventative measures include quitting smoking, limiting alcohol intake, getting vaccinated against HPV, and protecting your skin from the sun. Treatment options vary depending on the cancer's location, size, and type and may involve surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. 

 

Dr. Nutthapong Wongwiwat, M.D., Deputy Director-General of the Department of Medical Services, explained that head and neck cancer can affect the digestive tract, upper respiratory tract, and neck areas, commonly known as cancers of the ear, nose, and throat. The most prevalent types include cancers of the mouth, throat, larynx, nasal cavity and sinuses, thyroid gland, and salivary gland. While diagnosing these cancers is generally straightforward, some cases require specialized expertise and advanced examination techniques, particularly for cancers in more hidden areas like the nose, nasal cavity, and larynx. 

 

Dr. Jinda Rojanamethin, MD, Director of Rajavithi Hospital, highlighted that in Thailand, risk factors for head and neck cancer include alcohol consumption and smoking. Historically, chewing betel with tobacco leaves has been a common practice and a significant contributor to oral cancer, especially in the buccal area. Additionally, genetic abnormalities can increase the risk for individuals who consume alcohol and smoke. Oral cancer can manifest anywhere in the mouth, often appearing as a persistent lump or wound that does not heal within 2–3 weeks. Symptoms may include bleeding, numbness from nerve damage, or the spread of cancer to the lymph nodes, which can be detected as lumps in the neck. 

Dr. Thanitta Bovornprus, MD, a specialist at the Center of Excellence in Otolaryngology, Rajavithi Hospital, emphasized the importance of preventing oral cancer by avoiding smoking, alcohol consumption, and betel leaf chewing. Maintaining good oral hygiene and regular dental check-ups are also crucial for early detection and prevention. 

 

For more information, visit the [Department of Medical Services website]and the [ArokaGO Health Library]