Pterygium
What Causes Pterygium?
Several environmental and lifestyle factors contribute to the development of pterygium:
1. Ultraviolet (UV) Radiation
Exposure to sunlight is the most significant risk factor, especially for people who:
๐ Work outdoors
๐ Spend long hours under direct sunlight
2. Wind, Dust, and Smoke
These irritants can:
๐ Cause eye inflammation
๐ Lead to chronic irritation
3. Pollution and Chemicals
Long-term exposure to polluted environments or chemical substances increases risk.
4. Dry Eye Condition
Chronic dry eyes can trigger irritation and abnormal tissue growth.
5. Excessive Eye Use
Prolonged screen time (computers, smartphones) can contribute to eye strain and dryness.
Symptoms of Pterygium
Common symptoms include:
๐ Eye irritation and redness
(feeling like sand or dust in the eye)
๐ Itching, burning sensation, or tearing
Especially when exposed to sunlight, wind, or dust
๐ Blurred vision or increasing astigmatism
If the growth extends into the cornea and alters its shape
๐ Cosmetic concerns
Visible tissue growth on the eye
Treatment of Pterygium
Pterygium is generally not dangerous if treated properly. However, if left untreated and it grows toward the pupil, it may affect vision.
1. Eye Drops (Early Stage)
๐ Used to reduce inflammation and irritation
๐ Helps relieve symptoms
2. Surgery (Definitive Treatment)
Surgery is the only method to completely remove pterygium.
Doctors may recommend surgery if:
๐ The growth extends into the cornea and affects vision
๐ Chronic irritation persists despite medication
๐ Causes astigmatism or blurred vision
๐ Affects appearance
Prevention of Pterygium
The best approach is to avoid risk factors:
1. Wear UV-Protective Sunglasses
๐ Choose sunglasses that block 100% UV rays
๐ Essential for prolonged sun exposure
2. Protect Your Eyes from Dust and Wind
๐ Wear protective glasses or wide-brim hats
3. Rest Your Eyes Regularly
๐ Especially during long screen use
๐ Follow the 20-20-20 rule (look away every 20 minutes)
Conclusion
Pterygium is a common eye condition caused mainly by UV exposure and environmental irritation. While not usually dangerous, it can affect vision and eye appearance if left untreated.
source :
Arokago Providers Ladprao General Hospital
**Translated and compiled by ArokaGO Content Team
Independent Writer
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