What Causes Vitiligo and Is It Contagious?
What is Vitiligo?
Vitiligo is a skin condition caused by abnormalities in melanocytes (cells responsible for producing skin pigment).
These cells are destroyed or stop producing melanin, resulting in white patches on the skin.
Causes
The exact cause is unknown, but it may be associated with:
๐ Autoimmune disorders (the body attacks its own cells)
๐ Thyroid disease
๐ Vitamin B12 deficiency
๐ Adrenal gland disorders
๐ Lymphatic and skin cancers
๐ Environmental triggers such as chemicals, sunlight, and stress
Who is Affected?
๐ Can occur in people of all genders
๐ Most cases begin before age 40
๐ Not contagious
Symptoms
White patches on the skin that gradually enlarge
Irregular or well-defined shapes
May appear on:
๐ Face
๐ Hands
๐ Feet
๐ Genitals
Around the eyes or mouth
Hair in affected areas may turn white
In some cases, it may spread across the body (universal vitiligo)
Treatment
Vitiligo cannot be completely cured, but treatment can improve appearance and slow progression.
1. Medications
๐ Topical steroids
๐ Calcineurin inhibitors
2. Phototherapy (UV Light Therapy)
๐ Helps restore pigmentation
๐ Requires consistent treatment for 1-2 years
3. Photochemotherapy (PUVA)
๐ Combines medication with UV exposure
๐ Enhances melanin production
4. Depigmentation
๐ Used in extensive cases
๐ Lightens remaining normal skin to match affected areas
5. Surgical Options
๐ Skin grafting
๐ Micropigmentation (tattooing)
Summary
Vitiligo is a non-contagious skin condition caused by loss of pigment.
source : Synphaet Ramintra Hospital
**Translated and compiled by ArokaGO Content Team
Independent Writer
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